Geology, geography and global energy

Scientific and Technical Journal

SOIL OF TERRACE ISLANDS OF PLAIN WATER RESERVOIR

2020. №3, pp. 54-63

Kulagina Valentina I. - Research Institute for Problems of Ecology and Mineral Wealth Use of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, viksoil@mail.ru

Ryazanov Stanislav S. - Research Institute for Problems of Ecology and Mineral Wealth Use of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, rstanislav.soil@yandex.ru

Alexandrova Asel B. - Research Institute for Problems of Ecology and Mineral Wealth Use of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, adabl@mail.ru

Sungatullina Lutsia M. - Research Institute for Problems of Ecology and Mineral Wealth Use of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, sunlyc@yandex.ru

Shagidullin Rifgat R. - Research Institute for Problems of Ecology and Mineral Wealth Use of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, shagidullin_@mail.ru

The relevance of the study was determined by the fact that islands' soil cover regulates vegetation of the territory, population density of animals, recreational stability of islands, as well as their resistance to erosion. The transformation of the soil cover of the islands under the influence of a reservoir for such a long period (62 years) was studied for the first time. The aim of the work was to assess changes in the soil cover composition of terraced islands over the entire lifetime of the Kuibyshev reservoir and, especially, over the past 30 years, as well as changes in the physicochemical properties of soils in the flood zone. To solve this problem, field studies were carried out, soil characteristics were given with an exact indication of the coordinates of the sections, laboratory data were obtained, soil maps were compiled, and comparisons were made with archival materials. Based on the analysis of research data from 1989-1990 and 2019, it was found that the soil cover of the terrace islands on the site from the city of Kazan to the village. Teteyevo is represented by both zonal and alluvial soils. It has been shown that over the past 30 years on the 5.9 % of the island area, zonal soils have evolved into their semi - hydromorphic analogues. The area of alluvial soils and sediments also increased by 5%. Over 62 years, proven changes in soil cover occurred on 19.1 % of the island area. The results of the study can be used to plan activities for the use and protection of island soils and their landscapes, when assessing the island’s resource potential, determining permissible anthropogenic pressures, and ecological monitoring of island ecosystems.

Key words: zonal soils, soil evolution, water reservoir islands, flooding, second floodplain terrace

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