Geology, geography and global energy

Scientific and Technical Journal

Hydrogeochemical features of groundwater ternary complex deposits of Baskunchak gypsum and salt massif

2015. №1, pp. 92-100

Ushivtseva Lyubov F. - C.Sc. in Geology and Mineralogy Associate Professor, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, ushivceval@mail.ru

Soloveva Alevtina V. - Deputy General Director Chief Engineer, JSC "Astrakhan Trust Construction EngineeringВ», 14 Shiryaev st., Astrakhan, 414045, Russian Federation, geologi2007@yandex.ru

Baskunchak gypsum and salt massif is located within early Khvalynsk plains region encompassing Lake Baskunchak. Lake Baskunchak is a hydrochemical anomaly relative to the Quaternary aquifers. Characteristic features of the relief of the territory is characterized by the presence of drainage basins; exit to the surface of gypsum, plaster forming a field of considerable size; a variety of karst forms; gullies and ravines; network diapir folds; salt stocks entering the day, most of which are covered and denuded cover of unconsolidated sediments forming in some cases, compensation trough with accumulation in these salts and brines. The above topographic features reduce surface runoff, the presence of karst cavities and existing gullies and ravines network in combination with positive landforms create favorable conditions for the accumulation of surface waters and their infiltration into the rock mass, resulting in complex hydrogeological conditions of the aquifer complexes - frequent replacement facies rocks, regional and local manifestation of recent tectonic movements, the outputs of salt nuclei in the zone of active water exchange, the presence of faults, the hydraulic connection between the individual aquifers with halogen species; which resulted in the formation of both freshwater and highly mineralized brines Kungurian aquifer and lake Baskunchak. Groundwater aquifer undifferentiated Quaternary sediments in the area are the main source of drinking water for the population region - Baskunchak deposit of fresh water and mineral water "Underground gift", "nomadic." The process of forming groundwater is controlled by tectonic and climatic conditions, lithological composition of the host rocks and reservoir properties. In this connection, there developed various water chemical type and origin.

Key words: гипсово-соляной массив, подземные воды, озеро Баскунчак, соляное ядро, водоносный горизонт, рассолы, минерализация, водообмен, карст, gypsum and salt array, groundwater, lake Baskunchak, salt core, aquifer, brines, salinity, water exchange, Karst

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