Geology, geography and global energy

Scientific and Technical Journal

Complex assessment of ecological and economic risk of chemical company industry on the environment

2014. №2, pp. 85-93

Tatarintsev Sergey A. - Post-graduate student, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumian sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, tatarintsev86@yandex.ru

Barmin Aleksandr N. - D.Sc. in Geography, Professor, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumian sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, abarmin@mail.ru

Kolchin Yevgeniy A. - C.Sc. in Geography, Assiociate Professor, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumian sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, eakol4in@rambler.ru

Shuvaev Nikolay S. - C. Sc. in Geography, Associate Professor, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumian sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, shuvns@rambler.ru

Tatarintseva Albina Yu. - Student, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumian sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, tatarintseva1989@mail.ru

At present, the territory of the Russian Federation operates a large number of objects that have a negative impact on the livelihoods of the population. The most dangerous are chemically hazardous objects because of the accident they can cause massive loss of people. These objects are mostly represented by food, meat and dairy industry, cold storage facilities, have refrigeration systems, which are used as a refrigerant, ammonia, and water treatment plants, is used as disinfectant chlorine. When forecasting, prevention and elimination of accidents in the chemical industry to determine the amount of damage using techniques of ecological and economic risk. Ecological and economic aspects of the natural and technical systems the chemical industry includes the assessment of the damage that occurs due to the possible deterioration of the environment due to pollution from anthropogenic impacts caused by the imperfection of the technology used, accidents, etc. any object of the chemical industry, part of an array of man-made, shall bear the costs related to the implementation of preventive measures to reduce the risk of such damage. These costs are called В«environmental costs of social production". They are understood as the costs of measures that reduce the emission of harmful substances into the environment (improving technology, changes in the use of resources, the construction of sewage treatment plants, comprehensive utilization of raw materials, etc.) and do not reduce emissions, but affecting the degree of spread of harmful substances in the environment (dilution, neutralization, disposal of waste, conservation, establishment of buffer zones around businesses, etc.). Methodology for assessing the environmental and economic damage caused by pollution, are used in the legal and regulatory framework, based on larger-scale approach. This article shows a comprehensive assessment of environmental and economic risks of exposure to man-made arrays of chemical industry on the environment.

Key words: техногенные массивы, экологическая опасность, техногенная опасность, приемлемый риск, нулевой риск, technogenic arrays, environmental hazards, technological hazards, acceptable risk, zero risk

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