Geology, geography and global energy

Scientific and Technical Journal

Hydrochemical characteristics and prospets for the use of the salt deposits as a source of hydromineral raw materials

2017. №3, pp. 37-46

Ushivtseva Lyubov F. - C.Sc. in Geology and Mineralogy, Associate Professor, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, ushivceval@mail.ru

Rodionovskaya Tatyana S. - Deputy Chief of Geological Department, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, tatianar1986@mail.ru

Umerova Yelena F. - undergraduate, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, ymerova-atisiz@mail.ru

Saline deposits as a unique geological formation have a number of advantages over other deposits. They form numerous salt structures due to the large thickness of deposits, the plastic property, the ability to change their volume. The salt-bearing sections are the regional impermeable bed for all subsalt formations of the Caspian, the DnРµprovo-Donetsk, the Western Kuban, Amudarya and other oil-and-gas provinces. They play an important role in the formation of a huge number of the traprocks, favorable for the unit of oil and gas deposits, contribute to the high degree of the hydrogeological subsurface closure. Saline deposits are considered as one of the important sources of hydromineralic raw materials. The analysis of the rock-salt composition showed that it consists of 98 % pure sodium chloride not only within the the Caspian depression, but also within other regions. The extraction of the halite is conducted in many countries: Ukraine, Poland, Germany, Kazakhstan, the Netherlands. In addition, asphalts, sulfur deposits, accessory minerals - aragonitic lime, magnesian lime, barium sulphate, blinde, brassil and other fossils - are found in the deposits superposing the salt plug. Within the Astrakhan fold, the gas influx from Alekseevskoe and Voropaevskoe salt domes was obtained from keprok; in the areas of Kaskyrtau, Tamdykol, Burannaya (Kazakhstan), from intersalt alternations - oil. In the lateral breccias of the keprok cinnabarites, polymetals, bitumens (the Romensky salt dome of the DnРµprovo-Donetsk depression) were met. The deposits of brown coal (Orenburg Pre-Urals), ironstones (the Severomorskaya depression) are concentrated in the deposits of the subsidence trough. Along with this, in the thickness of rock salt in all the salt basins, intersalt alternations are marked, saturated with highly mineralized water - the brine with high content of potassium, sodium, chlorine, magnesium, iodine, bromine, lithium, rubidium, barite, which are the complex of hydromineral raw materials. The article describes the patterns of change in these components in the section of Astrakhan fold, as well as other salt provinces. The dependence of the concentrations of rare metals from the mineralization of brines is proved.

Key words: соленосные отложений, высокоминерализованные рассолы, галокинез, микрокомпоненты, бром, йод, минерализация, концентрация, salt deposits, high-mineralized salt brines, halokinesis, microcomponents, bromine, iodine, mineralization, concentration

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