Geology, geography and global energy

Scientific and Technical Journal

WATER AVAILABILITY CONDITIONS CONTRAST CHANGES AS IMPACT FACTOR ON THE RIVER VOLGA DELTA LANDSCAPE SOIL-PLANT COVER CHARACTERISTICS DYNAMICS

2019. №2, pp. 121-131

Valov Mikhail V. - Ph. D. in Geography, Associate Professor, Astrakhan State University, m.v.valov@mail.ru

Barmin Aleksandr N. - D. Sc. in Geography, Professor, Astrakhan State University, abarmin60@mail.ru

Kolotukhin Aleksandr Yu. - postgraduate student, Astrakhan State University, Marsarini@gmail.com

Eroshkina Olesya S. - postgraduate student, Astrakhan State University, m.v.valov@mail.ru

Shuvaev Nikolay S. - Ph. D. in Geography, Astrakhan State University, m.v.valov@mail.ru

Timeliness of the work is that natural management in arid areas deltoid landscapes mainly defined by water availability, which for a variety of reasons can change over a broad area therefore it is necessary to know deltoid landscapes components dynamics for estuarine natural system sustainable functioning under environmental factor. Landscape-ecological investigations were carried out with the purpose to reveal the main dynamic tendencies of landscape components-soils and vegetation- involving in the natural management process under contrast sludging conditions changes on 137 model grounds in the river Volga delta according to the usual procedures in the years with water availability contrast conditions (2014 and 2015 are years with little water and 2016 and 2017 are water-abundant years). Scientific novelty is defined that according to the investigation results it was revealed that abrupt water soluble salts content in soils increase, also their toxicity degree and soil salinization type from from chloride-sulphatic till sulphatic-chloride occurs under rapid arid degree increase that affects vegetation cover: total biomass and foliage cover level decrease occur on the all deltoid landscapes high levels, also sedge and herbs participant degree decrease and forbs role rise. These processes are blocked due to the following abrupt water availability conditions rise and move into back stage. The greatest and the most rapid changes are observed within particularly long alluvial natural boundaries of low level.

Key words: динамика растительности, засоление почв, дельта р. Волги, условия влагообеспеченности, охрана экосистем, vegetation dynamics, soil salinization, the river Volga delta, water availability conditions, ecosystem protection

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