Geology, geography and global energy

Scientific and Technical Journal

Morfolitodynamicnatural conditions of formation on the Nord-Westernand Western Caucasusof Mudflows

2013. №3, pp. 158-168

Efremov Yury V.  - D.Sc. in Geography, Professor, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya st., Krasnodar, Russia, 350040,, efremov_kubsu@mail.ru.

Schumakova Alena A.  - Post-graduate student, Kuban state university, 149 Stavropolskaya st., Krasnodar, Russia, 350040 ,, extremalka_@mail.ru.

The concept «morfolitodinamic conditions of mudflows formation» is formulated. This concept includes a complex of endogenetic and ekzogenous processes to develope on the Nord - Western Caucasus. Features of this complex and influence on formation of mudflows are considered.The proximity of mudflows to tectonic faults and a mountain massifs with fissure rocks is established. Close connection of the seismic phenomena with formation of mudflows is noted. Strong earthquakes intensify landslides and mudflows processes and as though are a trigger for origin of a mudflows. Conditions and factors which intensify ekzogenous processes are analyzed. Mudflow processes and the phenomenes are brightly shown. Sources of a mudflows hard component of are established. Ones supply landslide massive, taluses, rockfalls, fluvial and slope sediments. Erosional, cut-off and rockfall mechanisms of mudflows emergence are revealed. The heavy rains and a mass of a friable material in the small rivers head is played the leading role in mudflow formation. In the last decade of our century strengthening of mudflow activity is noted. One is connected with global climate change and activization of economic and recreational works. The negative consequences of building of many Olympic and recreational objects are described. The description of the largest mudflows in 2012 and , February and March 2013 is made in the Mzymta river basin.

Key words: morfolitodinamic natural conditions,geodynamic processes,seismic activity,aeration,exogenous processes,gravitational processes,erosion,anthropogenous processes

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