Geology, geography and global energy

Scientific and Technical Journal

Hydrochemical and hydrogeochemical data through

2013. №3, pp. 92-110

Yakovlev Petr I.  - Hidrologist of 1st category, SPIC «Geoecology», 15 years October st., 63. Tver, Russia, 170008,, akva-petr.1947@mail.ru

The article deals with the problems of regional estimation of groundwater to rivers. It was shown, that the exactness of definition of increase of underground flow to rivers very often depends on the mistake water expenditure measuring, and the changing of underbed flow parametre. For the correction of groundwater discharge at certain river sections the complex use of hydrometrical and hydrochemical methods are necessary especially at those where lithology of underflow deposits changes sharply. This article shows that in the context of opening up of water supply from underground and surface sources those river stretches where linear modulus of underground water discharge are several times as many as background values or a sequence higher of such values are the most perspective ones. Methods of detection of areas of intensive underground water discharge with the use of hydrochemical and hydrological methods are described, thus significantly simplifying the conduct of geological prospecting work with respect to underground waters. For the purpose of more precise determination of quantitative characteristics of underground water inflow the equation of channel hydrochemical balance is used, which is based in the well-known law of conversation of mass. The Upper Volga Region that is under research is the region of higher underground water discharge from deep underground reservoirs. It is known, that the concentration of separate macro-components – calcium, magnesium, sodium, chlorine, sulphates, hydrocarbons and also total mineralizing in underground water that is 2-3 times more than in river water of the Upper Volga during the period of low drain. This circumstance allows defining more exactly the ion flow increment of some macro-components and their sum and also the parameters of regional underground onflow at river sections. At that, the measured low-water flow must not by more than 30-40 m3/sec.

Key words: underground waters,river waters,surface waters,source area,discharge area,geological and structural analysis,hydrochemical testing,thermometric,hydrometric survey,ion flow,hydzopost complex method,

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