Geology, geography and global energy

Scientific and Technical Journal

Direction of changes in the world energeticheskaya of policy: prospects of use of methane of coal layers

2013. №3, pp. 55-68

Mercheva Valentina S.  - C. Sc. in Technology, Associate Professor, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan sq., Room 105, Astrakhan, Russia, 414056,, Geologi2007@yandex.ru

Serebryakov Andrey O.  - Senior Lecturer, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan Square, Room 105, Astrakhan, Russia, 414056,, Geologi2007@yandex.ru

Considered the issues of the need for change and improvement of structure of consumption of energy in modern Society. Results are given of theoretical balance calculations of the world’s reserves of non-traditional types of energy in the form of gas coal basins. Given the composition and quantity of gases, their energy potential should be considered as an economically viable alternative to the limited reserves of natural resources of traditional hydrocarbon fuels. It is expected that by 2020 the world production of coal bed methane up to 100?150 billion m3/year, and in the long term industrial production of coal bed methane in the world can reach up to 470?600 billion m3/year, which amounts to 15?20% of world production of natural gas. Study of the composition, properties and mechanisms of the formation of gas coal layers, as one of the types of gas lithosphere, contributes to the most effective development of the technology of its production. Special attention is paid to the regularities of generation of methane of coal beds. Presents the results of calculations of change of quantity of organic substances as a result of the process of carbonization, namely, the transition отторфа to graphite, with which lost up to 62,8% of the weight, 15,8 % of which falls to the share of methane. Stage of increased generation of methane on gradations катагенеза singled out as the main phase of the amount of gas formed. Created model not only reproduces the overall picture of the generation of gases, but also is the basis for the assessment of probable reserves of gas in sediments of humus coals. The example of the organization and the positive results of introduction of the technology заблоговременной of decontamination of coal layers of deep horizons with the simultaneous use of methane extracted in Kuzbas. Which include gas supply to the full extent already by 2025. Kemerovo region (currently 4 billion m3 per year); increase of safety of work of miners; the redistribution of funds of Mining enterprises to the articles of costs on maintenance of safety of work on the removal of methane from a working zone to other articles; reduction of the technogenic load on all objects of the environment as a result of utilization of methane from coal deposits; the raising of the scientific-technical level of production technologies in the coal industry, as a result of the search for non-traditional energy resources to meet the needs of of mankind; and the elimination of inter-departmental barriers when solving the problems of fuel and energy complex to ensure energy security of Russia.

Key words: of hydrocarbon raw materials,non-traditional energy resources,fuel and energy complexes,organic matter,humus coals,катагенез,the generation of gases,the main phase of the amount of gas formed,

Read