Geology, geography and global energy

Scientific and Technical Journal

Features of halogenesis soils of the delta of the Volga River on the meadows intermediate level depending on changes in natural conditions

2015. №2, pp. 49-62

Barmin Aleksandr N. - D.Sc. in Geography Professor Head of the department, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, abarmin60@mail.ru

Valov Mikhail V. - Post-graduate student, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, m.v.valov@mail.ru

Iolin Mikhail M. - РЎ.Sc. in Geography Associate Professor Head of the department, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, miolin76@mail.ru

The Volga r. Delta is a unique natural object. This space in the Caspian region has a specific structure, has a special composition and resistance mechanisms different from the zone. Its environment-forming role of global importance. In this regard, the assessment of the status and changes of the natural environment is essential to sustainable and environmentally safe development of the region. One of the major components of this evaluation is to organize and conduct soil monitoring, which is an essential component of modern management. Construction and commissioning of cascade hydropower stations resulted in changes to the hydrological regime and in conjunction with changes in meteorological conditions affected the salt content in the soils of the Delta. The paper discusses the factors affecting salinization and desalinization of the Delta of the Volga River: the temperature and amount of atmospheric precipitation during the growing period, the average annual volume of water flow and runoff volume for the second quarter, the average annual air temperature. According to the results of monitoring soil on the stationary profile in the delta of the Volga River from 1979 to 2011 year the dynamics of ion content of water-soluble salts in the meadows of the average level in the 0-15 cm soil layer in a changing hydrological regime of the Volga River was analyzed. Calculated the total amount of soluble salts, toxicity and the ratio Cl/SO in the aqueous extract; shows the dynamics of the concentrations of cations (Ca , Mg , Na ) and anions (Cl , SРћ ) in the soils of the Delta of the Volga river.

Key words: дельта реки Волги, почвенный мониторинг, геохимия почв, водорастворимые соли, гидрологический режим, метеорологические условия, Delta of the Volga River, soil monitoring, geochemistry of soils, soluble salts, hydrological regime, meteorological conditions

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