Geology, geography and global energy

Scientific and Technical Journal

Innovations in the field of biological reclamation, used in oil and gas industry in the Republic of Kalmykia

2015. №1, pp. 126-132

Glebova Lyubov V. - C.Sc. in Geology and Mineralogy Associate Professor, Astrakhan State Technical University, 16 Tatishchev st., Astrakhan, 414056, Russian Federation, lvglebova@mail.ru

Nikishkina Yuliya V. - Master, Astrakhan State Technical University, 16 Tatishchev st., Astrakhan, 414056, Russian Federation, krasnova.u@gmail.com

An issue of land reclamation is an integral part of the land use planning process and seizure of land for the construction of oil and gas properties. Reclamation is a range of activities aimed at restoring the productivity and national economic value of disturbed lands, as well as to improve environmental conditions. Reclamation of land in two stages - technical and biological. Technical stage involves the areas of temporary drainage (ephemeral): removal of topsoil horizons and storing it in a temporary dumps along the boundaries of areas in the band rekultiviruemyh temporary removal or in specially designated areas; deep subsurface tillage; return of topsoil from the temporary dump sites for remediation; planning caused the fertile soil. in areas of permanent removal (durable): removal of topsoil horizons; transportation of topsoil on marginal land areas (areas earthing location will be specified at the time of farming specialists work on earthing); Final layout imported fertile soil. To restore the fertility of disturbed lands biological reclamation stage start after the completion of works on technical phase of reclamation. The recovery process includes a complex of agricultural activities. To restore fertility rekultiviruemyh land for use in agriculture duration of the biological stage of remediation requires plowing 5 years. Given the inevitable decline of fertility as a result of mechanical action on the soil excavation equipment (violation of structure, reduction of microflora, etc.) in the development of the project provided a number of agro-technical measures to increase its productivity.

Key words: нефтегазовая отрасль, загрязнение окружающей среды, экология, рекультивация, биологическая и техническая рекультивация, нефте- и газодобыча, oil and gas industry, pollution, ecology, restoration, biological and technical reclamation, oil and gas extractio

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