Geology, geography and global energy

Scientific and Technical Journal

The environmental evaluation of the content of petroleum products, phenols and heavy metals in water and soil of the Caspian Sea region

2018. №1, pp. 28-34

Tyrkov Aleksey G. - D.Sc. in Chemistry, Professor, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, tyrkov@rambler.ru

Velikorodov Anatoliy V. - D.Sc. in Chemistry, Professor, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, avelikorodov@mail.ru

Serebryakov Oleg I. - D.Sc. in Geology and Mineralogy, Professor, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, geologi2007@yandex.ru

Nosachev Svyatoslav B. - C.Sc. in Chemistry, Associate Professor, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, sbn86chem@yandex.ru

Kovalev Vyacheslav B. - C.Sc. in Chemistry, Associate Professor, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, chemkovalevne@mail.ru

The main anthropogenic pollutants of water and soil are heavy metals, petroleum products, phenols and other compounds. In contrast to water and atmospheric air, soil is the most objective indicator of man-made pollution. On the territory of the Astrakhan region is a number of large enterprises of the oil and gas processing complex. The Lower Volga and the Caspian Sea basin traditionally serve as a highway for the transportation of petroleum products. The main suppliers of heavy metals to soil and water are the enterprises of shipbuilding and machine building. The purpose of the study is to monitor phenolic compounds, oil products and heavy metals near industrial zones in Astrakhan and Astrakhan region. As a result of the conducted studies, it has been established that the nature of the pollution of natural surface waters and soils is determined by the density of the industrial zones of Astrakhan and Astrakhan region, the specificity of enterprises, and the influence of the seasonal factor. Analysis of the experimental data shows that the content of phenols in the soil in the autumn-winter period is usually higher than in the spring-summer period, when the processes of phenol decomposition in environmental objects proceed more intensively. In a number of cases, the MPC is exceeded for a number of heavy metals, in particular copper, iron, lead, which can be explained by the specifics of industrial enterprises located in these territories.

Key words: нефтепродукты, фенолы, тяжелые металлы, поллютанты, вода, почва, мониторинг, количественный анализ, спектрофотометрия, атомно-абсорбционная спектроскопия, инфракрасная спектроскопия, Астрахань, Астраханская область, Прикаспий, oil products, phenols, heavy

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